Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep - Genito-urinary function

	Tweet

Genito-urinary function
There is considerable diurnal variation in renal function. Water and sodium are retained at night and of the 1–2l of urine that is normally excreted in the 24h, around 80% is produced during the day.

Endocrine function
This changes considerably during NREM sleep compared to wakefulness.

Immunological function
The changes in immune function in sleep are less well documented than the autonomic changes, but the blood eosinophil and cortisol levels, and natural killer (NK) cell activity fluctuate with a circadian pattern.

There is a relationship between melatonin, cytokines and interferon, all of which have immunological actions and influence sleep. The T-lymphocyte level rises in sleep, but the peripheral blood monocyte concentration falls, largely because the cells are sequestered in the spleen. In addition, changes in autonomic activity regulate the local immune responses through, for instance, alterations in regional blood flow. Peripheral release of cytokines may also affect sleep through stimulation of vagal afferents which reach the brain-stem, as well as through direct transfer across the blood–brain barrier.

References

RELATED STORIES:
Neurophysiology of sleep and wakefulness   Neuroanatomy of sleep and wakefulness   Output from SCN - Circadian rhythms   Pineal gland - Circadian rhythms   Sleep rhythms   Melatonin - Circadian rhythms   Coordination of circadian rhythms   Circadian rhythms   SCN clock genetics - Circadian rhythms   Input to SCN - Circadian rhythms   Control of sleep and wakefulness   REM sleep ultradian rhythm

Comments

[ + Post Your Own ]

Now you're in the public comment zone. What follows is not Armenian Medical Network's stuff; it comes from other people and we don't vouch for it. A reminder: By using this Web site you agree to accept our Terms of Service. Click here to read the Rules of Engagement.

There are no comments for this entry yet. [ + Comment here + ]