health.am

Intrusion of REM into NREM sleep does not cause any symptoms because sleep is maintained, but is very common. Muscle atonia, which is characteristic of REM sleep, is seen in NREM…

Mixed and transitional states are very variable, but can be categorized according to the state in which they arise.

Wakefulness
Sleep inertia is the drowsiness, often associated with physical incoordination and occasionally with…

Sleep and wakefulness are not totally distinct states.

The constant flux in the activity of many parts of the brain may lead at any one time to either an over-whelming balance of activity in…

A rest–activity pattern is detectable in almost all organisms and this may be related to the presence of clock genes which have been largely conserved throughout evolution. Whether or not these…

External influences and some internal stimuli have less influence on the brain during sleep than during wakefulness. To an extent the brain becomes deafferentated, and partially deprived of sensory stimulation. This has…

Sleep is recognizable by its contrast to wakefulness.

It is a state of reduced awareness and responsiveness, both to internal and external stimuli. This reduced awareness is, however, selective [1]. It is an…

Sleep disorders still often remain unrecognized and untreated despite the rapid advances in the understanding of their nature over the last few years.

Sleep medicine as a specialty is only…

A mother’s anxiety or depression during pregnancy may affect her child’s sleep patterns early in life, a new study suggests.

Researchers found that babies and toddlers whose mothers had such symptoms…

Insomniacs may not only toss and turn all night - their symptoms may be worsened by a constant need to get up and urinate, Danish researchers reported on Wednesday.

Physicians frequently prescribe medications for sleep difficulties in children in U.S. outpatient settings, according to a study published in the August 1st issue of the journal SLEEP.

Milap…

In the first known study of its kind, an article published in the August 1st issue of the journal SLEEP finds that children with attention deficit hyperactivity…

Persons with narcolepsy with cataplexy have low levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypocretin-1, a protein thought to help regulate sleep and wakefulness, according to a study…

Nightmares are terrifying dreams; dreams in which our worst fears are brought to life in fully convincing detail. Whatever horrors you personally believe to be the worst things that could happen—these are the most…

Studies of frequencies of nightmares among adults show that one third to one half of all adults experience occasional nightmares. A study of college students found that almost three-quarters of a group of…

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disease characterized by recurrent episodes of upper airway obstruction that result in recurrent arousals and episodic oxyhemoglobin desaturations during sleep. Significant clinical…

Studies from the USA have reported that sleep apnoea is common in congestive heart failure (CHF), with Cheyne–Stokes respiration (CSR) being the most frequent type of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in these patients.…

The latest edition of The International Classification of Sleep Disorders: Diagnostic and Coding Manual subsumes a broad range of disorders under the heading “Sleep Related Hypoventilation / Hypoxemic Syndromes.” Some are quite common, such…

Several eye disorders have been found in association with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This paper reviews the current state of knowledge of eye disorders associated with OSA.

OSA is associated with a…

There are a wide range of events during sleep and wake that are often referred to as “nightmares” and it is wise to learn to distinguish between them. Most of what we call nightmares are simply…

In general researchers believe that most dreams occur during stage R sleep. This tends to be the final stage of the sleep cycle in normal adult sleep. Each complete cycle lasts about…

Sometimes dreams involve highly emotional content that disturbs the dreamer. Fear is the most common emotion involved. But these dreams also may involve anger, disgust, embarrassment, or other negative feelings.

These are some of the…

Some common themes for dreams have been identified. Many people report that they have had dreams that involve one or more of these themes:

 
• Failing a test  
• Appearing nude in…

Dreams and nightmares are common features of sleep, but their complexity makes them a constant source of intrigue. Many theories exist for how you should interpret your dreams. The basics of how and why…