Substance-Induced Sleep Disorder • Parasomnias • Oct 08 06 Diagnostic Features The essential feature of Substance-Induced Sleep Disorder is a prominent disturbance in sleep that is sufficiently severe to warrant independent clinical attention (Criterion A) and is judged to be due to the… Other Sleep Disorders • Parasomnias • Oct 08 06 780.xx Sleep Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition Diagnostic Features The essential feature of Sleep Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition is a prominent disturbance in sleep that is severe enough to… Sleepwalking Disorder • Parasomnias • Oct 08 06 Diagnostic Features The essential feature of Sleepwalking Disorder is repeated episodes of complex motor behavior initiated during sleep, including rising from bed and walking about. Sleepwalking episodes begin during slow-wave sleep and therefore most often… Sleep Terror Disorder • Parasomnias • Oct 08 06 Diagnostic Features The essential feature of Sleep Terror Disorder is the repeated occurrence of sleep terrors, that is, abrupt awakenings from sleep usually beginning with a panicky scream or cry (Criterion A). Sleep terrors… Breathing-Related Sleep Disorder • Dyssomnias • Oct 08 06 Diagnostic Features The essential feature of Breathing-Related Sleep Disorder is sleep disruption, leading to excessive sleepiness or, less commonly, to insomnia, that is judged to be due to abnormalities of ventilation during sleep (e.g.,… Primary Insomnia • Dyssomnias • Oct 08 06 Diagnostic Features The essential feature of Primary Insomnia is a complaint of difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep or of nonrestorative sleep that lasts for at least 1 month (Criterion A) and causes clinically significant distress… Substance-Induced Sleep Disorder • Sleep Disorders • • Treatment of Specific Sleep Disorders • Oct 06 06 Substance-induced sleep disorder includes a prominent disturbance in sleep for which there is evidence from the history, physical examination, or laboratory findings of substance use, intoxication, or withdrawal. The diagnosis rests on temporal coincidence… Sleep Disorders - Conclusions • Sleep Disorders • Oct 06 06 The high prevalence of sleep disorders and their effect on both longevity and quality of life have brought increased attention to the treatment of these conditions. Treatment guidelines and practice parameters are becoming… Sleep Disorders Due to a General Medical Condition • Sleep Disorders • • Treatment of Specific Sleep Disorders • Oct 06 06 The diagnosis of sleep disorders due to a general medical condition is used in cases in which a prominent disturbance in sleep is sufficiently severe to warrant independent clinical… Hypersomnia Related to Another Mental Disorder • Sleep Disorders • • Treatment of Specific Sleep Disorders • Oct 06 06 The essential feature of hypersomnia related to another mental disorder is a complaint of excessive sleepiness, with either prolonged nocturnal sleep or frequent daytime sleep episodes, that has lasted for at… Sleep Disorders Related to Another Mental Disorder • Parasomnias • Oct 06 06 Sleep disturbances often result from underlying mental disorders and not infrequently prompt the individual to seek treatment. The relation between sleep disorders and mood disorders has many theoretical implications as… Insomnia Related to Another Mental Disorder • Sleep Disorders • • Treatment of Specific Sleep Disorders • Oct 06 06 Insomnia related to another mental disorder should be diagnosed when a patient has a predominant complaint of insomnia for at least 1 month that causes daytime symptoms and impaired functioning. The… Parasomnia Not Otherwise Specified • Sleep Disorders • • Treatment of Specific Sleep Disorders • Oct 06 06 The ICSD recognizes more than 20 additional parasomnias not listed in DSM-IV. One of these conditions that has drawn clinical and research interest is REM sleep behavior disorder. This disorder is characterized by… Sleep Terror Disorder and Sleepwalking Disorder • Sleep Disorders • • Treatment of Specific Sleep Disorders • Oct 06 06 Sleep terrors are characterized by a sudden awakening from Stage 3/4 sleep that is accompanied by a piercing scream, intense anxiety, and excessive autonomic arousal. These signs are significantly more intense… Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder • Sleep Disorders • • Treatment of Specific Sleep Disorders • Oct 06 06 Circadian rhythm sleep disorder is a persistent or recurrent pattern of sleep disruption characterized by excessive sleepiness or insomnia. These symptoms result from a mismatch between the individual’s sleep-wake schedule and endogenous circadian… Narcolepsy • Dyssomnias • Oct 06 06 Narcolepsy is characterized by irresistible attacks of sleep during the day, resulting in brief but refreshing naps. In addition, several “accessory symptoms” can occur: cataplexy (brief episodes of sudden bilateral loss of muscle tone associated with… Primary Sleep Disorders: Parasomnias • Sleep Disorders • • Treatment of Specific Sleep Disorders • Oct 06 06 Parasomnias are disorders of arousal during sleep or dysfunctions associated with particular sleep stages. These disorders are manifestations of abnormal or excessive activation of the central nervous system. Parasomnias do not necessarily lead… Dyssomnia Not Otherwise Specified • Dyssomnias • Oct 06 06 The category of dyssomnia not otherwise specified is for insomnias, hypersomnias, or circadian rhythm disturbances that do not meet criteria for any specific dyssomnia. The most common of these conditions are restless legs… Breathing-Related Sleep Disorder • Sleep Disorders • • Treatment of Specific Sleep Disorders • Oct 06 06 Breathing-related sleep disorder is characterized by a clinical complaint of excessive daytime sleepiness or insomnia or both. These symptoms result from periodic cessation of breathing (apnea), diminished amplitude of airflow (hypopnea), or increased work… Primary Hypersomnia • Dyssomnias • Oct 06 06 Primary hypersomnia is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness or prolonged nocturnal sleep that causes significant distress or social or occupational impairment. By definition, it does not occur during the course of another sleep disorder or… Treatment of Specific Sleep Disorders • Sleep Disorders • • Treatment of Specific Sleep Disorders • Oct 06 06 As noted above, both behavioral treatments and pharmacological treatments can be applied to the treatment of almost all sleep disorders. In this section, we describe how the general characteristics of these treatments,… Combining Different Treatments • Sleep Disorders • • General Principles of Treatment • Oct 06 06 For most sleep disorders, behavioral/psychotherapeutic and pharmacological approaches are not incompatible and can be effectively combined to maximize therapeutic benefits. For example, hypnotic medications may improve sleep patterns more rapidly than some behavioral interventions… Other Somatic Treatments • Sleep Disorders • • General Principles of Treatment • Oct 06 06 Continuous positive airway pressure and bilevel positive airway pressure Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are used to treat breathing-related sleep disorder (Grunstein and Sullivan 2000; Strollo and Rogers… Medications • Sleep Disorders • • General Principles of Treatment • Oct 06 06 Numerous classes of medications have been used as sedative-hypnotic drugs. In current practice, benzodiazepine receptor agonists and antidepressants are the two classes with the most widespread applications (Walsh and Schweitzer 1999). Stimulants, dopaminergic drugs, and anticonvulsants… Types of Treatments • Sleep Disorders • • General Principles of Treatment • Oct 06 06 Treatments for sleep disorders generally can be grouped into three categories: 1) behavioral/ psychotherapeutic treatments, 2) medications, and 3) other somatic treatments. None of these general approaches is sufficient for all patients with sleep… Page 24 of 26 pages « First < 22 23 24 25 26 > << Back to main
